Class 6th Civics Chapter 2 Diversity and Discrimination

NCERT Solutions for Class 6th Social Science Civics Chapter 2 Diversity and Discrimination

01. How can the stereotype that girls are a burden on their parents affects the life of a daughter? Imagine this situation and list at least Jive different effects that this stereotype can have on the way daughters get treated in the house.

Ans:

The Stereotype that girls are a burden on their parents affect the life of a daughter in the following ways:

• They are not properly cared for.
• They are not given preference for higher education.
• They are not allowed to attend/join schools.
• They are married early.
• They are not provided nourishing food.
• They are engaged early in household works/chores.

2. What does the Constitution say with regard to equality? Why do you think it is important for all people to be equal?

Ans: Our Constitution provides that the state shall not discriminate against any citizen on the basis of religion, race, caste, sex, or region. It is important for all people to be equal because only then our society would develop in the true sense of the term. It is our right to be treated equally. It is our right to be given due respect. It is our right to be given equal opportunities. In absence of all these, our life would be hell. Our personality would be suppressed. Hence, we need equality so that we may go ahead without any hindrances. We may prove ourselves helpful in the development of the society and country.

3. How do parents often console boys when they fall and hurt themselves?

Ans. Parents say, “Boys are brave, they don’t cry”. ‘

4. Mention one drawback of stereotypes. [Imp.]

Ans: Stereotypes prevent us from doing certain things that we might otherwise be good at.

5. ‘Some people may experience both kinds of discrimination. ’ What do you mean by ‘both kinds of discrimination’? . [V. Imp.]

Ans: Some people are poor and they belong to groups whose culture is not valued.

6. Mention some activities which are considered less valued.

Ans: Activities like cleaning, washing, cutting hair, picking garbage are considered less valued.

7. Who was Bhim Rao Ambedkar?

Ans: He was a noted Dalit leader. He himself was a Dalit and fought for the rights of the Dalits.

8. What is it that can unite all Indians? [V. Imp.]

Ans: It is equality of all persons that can unite all Indians.

9. What responsibility has been placed on the government by the Constitution?

Ans: It is the responsibility of the government to take specific steps to realise the right to equality for poor and other marginal communities.

10. ‘India is a secular country’. What does this mean?

Ans: This means that people of different religions and faiths have the freedom to practise and follow their religion without any fear of discrimination.

Class 6th civics Chapter 1 Understanding Diversity

 NCERT Solutions for Class 6th Social Science Civics Chapter 1 Understanding Diversity

1. Draw up a list of the different festivals celebrated in your locality. Which of these celebrations are shared by members of different regional and religious communities?

Ans: Festivals shared by different regional and religious communities are:

• Independence Day
• Republic Day
• Gandhi Jayanti

These are our national festivals, so every Indian celebrates them irrespective of region and religion.

2.What do you think living in India with its rich heritage of diversity adds to your life?

Ans: Yes, living in India with its rich heritage of diversity adds to our life in the following ways:

• We know different people, their culture, customs, traditions, backgrounds. These diverse things add to our life.
• Geographical diversities decide our way of life, our food, our occupations and many other things.
• We relish our customs and traditions.

3. Do you think the term “unity in diversity” is an appropriate term to describe India? What do you think Nehru is trying to say about Indian unity in the sentence quoted above from his book “The Discovery of India”?

Ans:

Yes, we think that the term ‘unity in diversity’ is an appropriate term to describe India.

Diversities:

• Geographical diversities like different physical features, climates, vegetations, rivers and lakes.
• Cultural diversities like different languages, religions, communities, customs, traditions, festivals, rituals, etc.
• Despite all these diversities there is unity among the people.
• They are one.
• They stood against the British and threw the mighty empire by adopting Ahimsa and peaceful means.
• All the people belonging to various regions are one when the country’s interests are involved.
• In natural disasters they whole-heartedly contribute for mitigating the sufferings of the people.

Class 6th History Chapter 5 Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic

 NCERT Solutions for Class 6th Social Science History Chapter 5 Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic

1. State whether true or false:

• ‘Rajas’ who let the ‘ashvamedha’ horse pass through their lands were irwited to the sacrifice.
• The charioteer sprinkled sacred water on the king.
• Archaeologists have found palaces in the settlements of the ‘janapadas’.
• Pots to store grain were made out of Painted Grey Ware.
• Many cities in ‘mahajanapadas’ were fortified.

Answer.

• True
• False
• False
• True
• False.

2.Fill in the chart given below with the terms: hunter-gatherers, farmers, traders, crafts-persons, herders. ‘

Ans: Hunter-gatherers, farmers, traders, crafts-persons and herders—all paid taxes.

• Farmers—one-sixth of the produce.
• Crafts-persons—in the form of labour.
• Herders—in the form of animals and animal products.
• Traders—taxes on goods brought and sold.
• Hunter-gatherers—forest produce.

3. Who were the groups who could not participate in the assemblies of the ‘ganas’?

Ans: These groups of people were not allowed to participate in the assemblies of the ‘ganas’.

• Women
• ‘Dasas’
• ‘Kammakaras’.

4.Why did the ‘rajas’ of ‘mahajanapadas’ build forts?

Ans:

The rajas of mahajanapadas built forts to protect their capital city.

This means that huge walls of wood, brick or stone were built around them. Forts were probably built because people were afraid of attacks from other kings and needed protection.

It is also likely that some rulers wanted to show how rich and powerful they were by building really large, tall and impressive walls around their cities. Also in this way, the land and the people living inside the fortified areas could be controlled more easily by the king.

5. In what ways are present-day elections different from the ways in which rulers were chosen in ‘janapadas’?

Ans:

Present day elections are conducted by election commission. In janapadas we did not have election commission. Some of the rajas were probably chosen by the jana, the people. But around 3,000 years ago, we find some changes taking place in the ways in which rajas were chosen. Some men now became recognised as rajas by performing very big sacrifices.

In present-day elections, all citizens (including women and dasas etc.) participate in election process after 18 years of their age. But in janapadas all free men over the age of 30 were recognized as full citizens. In janapadas women and slaves were not considered equal free citizens.

Appointments for rulers were made through lottery. All those who wanted to be chosen gave in their names and then some were selected through lottery.

Class 6th History Chapter 4 What Books and Burials Tell Us

 NCERT Solutions for Class 6th Social Science History Chapter 4 What Books and Burials Tell Us

 1. Match the columns: 

Answer:-

02. Megalith Complete the sentences:

1. Slaves were used for…………….
2. Megaliths are found in……………
3. Stone circles or boulders on the surface were used to………………..
4. Port-holes were used for……………
5. People at Inamgaon ate…………….

Answer:

1. Work

2. South India, north-east and Kashmir

3. indicate the exact place of burial

4. burying the other member of the same family at the same place

5. wheat, barley, rice, pulses, millets, peas, sesame, etc.

3. In what ways are the books we read today different from the Rigveda?

Ans: The books we read today are written and printed. The Rigveda was recited and heard rather than read. For many years from generation to generation, the process continued. It was written down several centuries after it was first composed and printed less than 200 years ago.

4. What kind of evidence from burials do archaeologists use to find out whether there were social differences amongst those who were buried?

Ans:

Sometimes, archaeologists find a circle of stone boulders or a single large stone standing on the ground. These are the only indications that there are burials beneath.

All these burials have some common features. Generally, the dead were buried with distinctive pots, which are called Black and Red Ware. Also found are tools and weapons of iron and sometimes, skeleton of horses, horse equipment and ornaments of stone and gold.

Several kinds of evidences from burials do archaeologists use to find out that there were social differences amongst those who were buried underneath the megaliths. They think that objects found with a skeleton probably belonged to the dead person. Sometimes more objects were found in one grave than in another. For instance in Brahmagiri, one skeleton was buried with 33 gold beads, 2 stone beads, 4 copper bangles and one conch shell. Other skeletons had only a few pots. Perhaps there were differences in status amongst the people who were buried. Perhaps some were rich, others poor, some chiefs, others followers.

5. In what ways do you think that the life of a ‘raja’ was different from that of a ‘dasa’ or ‘dasi’?

Ans: In the society, ‘raja’ was one of the highest civil positions. ‘Rajas’ were the kings of the community, whereas the ‘dasas’/’dasis’ were the lowest position in society. The ‘dasas’/’dasis’ were slaves who were used for work. They were treated as the property of their owners. They were captured in war.

Class 6 History Chapter 3 In the Earliest Cities

 NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science History Chapter 3 In the Earliest Cities

1. How do archaeologists know that cloth was used in the Harappan civilization?

Answer:

• According to archaeologists cotton was probably grown in Mehrgarh about 7,000 years ago.
• Actual pieces of cloth were found attached to the lid of a silver vase and some copper objects at Mohenjodaro.
• Archaeologists have also found spindle whorls, made of terracotta and faience. These were used to spin thread.
• We also have indirect evidence to show how cloth was decorated. For example, a stone statue of an important man found at Mohenjodaro shows him wearing an embroidered garment.

2. Match the columns:

Answer:

3. Why were metals, writing, the wheel and the plough important for the Harappans?

Answer: 

Metals: The Harappan made copper tools. They also made ornaments of gold and silver.

Writing: Writing was very important for the Harappans. There were scribes, people who knew how to write. Scribes helped prepare the seals and perhaps wrote on other materials that have not survived.

Wheel: The Harappans used the wheel in carts. They also used the wheel in spinning. The wheel was used by potters to make or shape pots and other things.

Plough: Plough was used to prepare the land for farming by the Harappans.